DoT has released license guidelines for virtual network operators (VNOs). The guidelines allow VNOs to create their own service delivery platforms for providing customer services, billing and value-added services. Here, VNOs are regarded as an extension of network service operators (NSOs) or telecom service providers but are prohibited from installing equipment which interconnects with the network of other NSOs. Further, the guidelines have prescribed a one-time non-refundable entry fee for the authorisation of each service and service area. The fee is payable before the signing of a licence agreement and thereafter for each additional authorisation. The total entry fee can be up to a maximum of Rs 75 million.